The Solar System: Introductory Astronomy Textbook

by

Irina Mullins

 

Copyright Notice: Copyright © 2008 by Irina Mullins. All Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval, without permission in writing from the copyright owner. Users are not permitted to mount this textbook on any network servers. For more information send email to info@introductoryastronomy.com

 

Chapter 1. Introduction and Overview of the Universe

 

  

1.1. Definition of Astronomy

 

1.2. Practical Applications of Astronomy

 

1.3.  Astronomy and Internet

 

 1.4. Scientific Method

 

1.5. Scientific Notation

 

1.6. Measuring Length, Time, and Mass

 

1.7. Measuring Astronomical Distances

 

1.8. The Earth and the Moon

 

1.9. Planets, Dwarf Planets, Plutoids

 

1.10. The Sun

 

1.11. The Solar System

 

1.12. Stars

 

1.13. Extrasolar Planets

 

1.14. The Milky Way Galaxy

 

1.15. Galaxies

 

1.16. The Universe and the Big Bang

 

 

 

 

 

 

Astronomy and Internet

 

The traditional image of an astronomer is that of a person sitting next to a telescope. This image is very outdated. Today’s telescopes are computer-controlled. Many telescopes are operated remotely.  From their offices, astronomers can access remote controlled telescopes over the Internet.

 

Professional astronomers work with remote controlled telescopes to conduct observations and analyze data while being located thousands of miles away from the telescopes.  Astronomers also work with space images delivered from observatories (or Hubble Space Telescope) via Internet.

 

With invention of Internet, tremendous amount of information about the Solar System and the Universe has become available to those interested in Astronomy. Information about the current research and latest discoveries in Astronomy is readily available from many web sites, including NASA, JPL, the Hubble Space Telescope, European Space Agency, American Astronomical Society, etc.

 

Example: NASA web site.

 

Go to

 

http://www.nasa.gov/missions/index.html

 

and read about NASA missions.

 

Example: JPL web site.

 

Go to

 

http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/history/index_looking.htm

 

and view video ‘Beyond the Planets’ about JPL mission.

 

Example: Exploration of Mars.

 

Go to

 

http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/history/index_looking.htm

 

and view video Rough Guide to Mars about exploration of Mars.

 

Example: The International Space Station.

 

Go to

 

http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/station/index.html

 

and read about the International Space Station.

 

Go to

 

http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/realdata/tracking/

 

to find out the current location of International Space Station.

 

Example: The Hubble Space Telescope.

 

Go to

 

http://hubblesite.org/the_telescope/hubble_essentials/

 

and read about the Hubble Space Telescope.

 

Go to

 

http://hubblesite.org/gallery/

 

and view a collection of Hubble images.

 

Go to

 

http://hubblesite.org/the_telescope/where.a.s_hubble_now/

 

to find out the current location of the Hubble Space Telescope.

 

Example: The James Webb Space Telescope.

 

Go to

 

http://webbtelescope.org/webb_telescope/

 

and read about the James Webb Space Telescope.

 

Example: The European Space Agency.

 

Go to

 

http://www.youtube.com/esa

 

and view videos about the European Space Agency.

 

Go to

 

http://www.esa.int/esa-mmg/mmg.pl?mission=Mars+Express&type=V

 

and view the ESA videos about Mars.

 

Go to

 

http://www.esa.int/esa-mmg/mmg.pl?topic=&subtopic=&keyword=Titan&subm2=GO

 

and watch video ‘Moons’.

 

NASA Astrobiology Institute web site  http://astrobiology.nasa.gov/missions/ provides information about NASA missions dealing with the search for life in the Universe.

 

General public and amateur astronomers are also invited to join astronomers via Internet in their search for the signals from extraterrestrial civilizations. The SETI program uses internet-connected computers hosted at the University of California, Berkeley. SETI stands for Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence.

 

SETI@home project http://setiathome.ssl.berkeley.edu/ searches for radio signals from extraterrestrial civilizations. The project uses observational data from the Arecibo radio telescope. Any person with computer with Internet connection can download a computer program from SETI@home web site and run the program on the computer to analyze radio telescope data. More than 5 million volunteers participate in the program searching for the signals from extraterrestrial civilizations.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Copyright©2008 by Irina Mullins. All Rights Reserved.